An efficient respiratory system is crucial for our overall health. The respiratory system includes the nose, sinuses, mouth, throat (pharynx), voice box (larynx), trachea, lungs, and diaphragm. Our lungs and respiratory system enable us to breathe.
Breathing (also known as ventilation) is the physical process of taking in oxygen and sending out carbon dioxide. Breathing oxygen into our bodies is called inspiration or inhalation, and breathing out carbon dioxide is called expiration or exhalation. The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide is called respiration.
Besides removing carbon dioxide and other waste gases, the respiratory system helps prevent the intake of harmful airborne particulates— such as dust, fumes, and mist — through coughing, sneezing, or swallowing. Some particles get caught by the cilia, hair-like growths that line the throat. However, other particulates and chemicals that are inhaled can be damaging to human health.
How far the particle gets into the air passages of the respiratory system and what it does when it is deposited depends on the material’s size, shape, density, and how much of it is breathed in, along with its chemical and toxic properties. Industrial particulates, cigarette smoke, and vaping chemicals can make it all the way to the lungs, where they get stuck in the alveoli and cause harm.
Due to the complex nature of the respiratory system, many other conditions affect it too. Genetics, germs, disease, and the environment can all cause respiratory problems. Anytime the lungs do not exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide efficiently, it can lead to health issues such as shortness of breath and fatigue. When your lung health is affected, it impacts the quality of everyday life and can prematurely shorten your life.
Respiratory illnesses are still the world’s third and fourth-leading causes of death despite there being daily health steps we can be taking. Respiratory health is an important wellbeing priority that many people overlook. The following infographic is designed to help people understand and plan for respiratory health in 2024 and beyond.
